Shoulder Replacement Surgery

What is a Shoulder Replacement?

Shoulder replacement, also known as shoulder arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure involving replacement of the damaged parts of the shoulder joint with prosthetic components made of metal, plastic, or a combination of both. Its purpose is to relieve pain and restore joint function in cases where the surface of the shoulder joint is damaged.

Different imaging tests are used including X-rays and MRIs that help in deciding the extent to which the joints are damaged. The surgery can involve replacing one or more parts of the shoulder joint, including the socket (glenoid) and/or the ball (humeral head). 

Who Can Benefit from a Shoulder Replacement Procedure?

Shoulder replacement surgery is advised for those who have chronic shoulder pain, decreased mobility and severe damage to the shoulder joint that remains unresponsive to medical treatment. Some possible conditions that may lead to shoulder replacement include:

• Osteoarthritis (OA)
• Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
• Post-Traumatic Arthritis
• Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy
• Severe Shoulder Injuries
• Avascular Necrosis (Osteonecrosis)
• Shoulder Joint Tumours

Types of Shoulder Replacement Surgery

Types of shoulder replacement surgery include the following:

Total Shoulder Replacement (TSA):

Total shoulder replacement is a surgical option available to patients desiring to obtain mobility and restoration of function of a severely damaged or injured shoulder condition. The ball and socket parts of the shoulder are both replaced during this procedure, with prosthetic implants. 

Partial Shoulder Replacement (Hemiarthroplasty):

This surgery involves replacement of only the humeral head (ball) with a prosthesis; the natural socket remains as it is. It is usually done in cases of humerus head fractures that can’t be managed with non-surgical methods.

Reverse Shoulder Replacement:

In reverse total shoulder replacement, the shoulder's ball and socket are reversed in position. A socket prosthetic is fitted instead of the ball located at the top of the skeletal humerus and the socket is replaced with a prosthetic ball. This surgery alters the joint rotation center and is a very useful option for patients whose rotator cuff is severely damaged due to trauma or associated with shoulder arthritis.

Revision Shoulder Replacement:

This procedure is undertaken in case of failed shoulder replacement surgery due to infection, wear, or loosening of implants. 

What Happens During a Shoulder Replacement Procedure?

General anesthesia is usually administered to ensure the patient is comfortable during the surgery.

The patient is positioned on the operating table to give the surgeon optimal access to the shoulder joint. Throughout the procedure, the anesthesiologist monitors vital signs, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels.

The surgical site is cleaned with an antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection. If necessary, any hair in the area is clipped or removed.

An incision is made to access the shoulder joint. The surgeon evaluates and removes damaged cartilage, bone, and tissues while preserving healthy structures.

The prosthetic components are implanted depending on the procedure type. These may include a humeral component to replace the ball of the shoulder and, if required, a glenoid component to resurface the socket. The components are secured with bone cement or press-fitted to promote natural bone integration, depending on the quality of the bone.

Finally, the incision is closed with stitches or staples. A drain may be inserted to remove excess fluid, and a sterile dressing is applied to the area to support healing. The surgical steps may vary slightly depending on the specific procedure performed.

Post-Procedure Care and Recovery After Shoulder Replacement Surgery

At Marengo Asia Hospitals, we provide a comprehensive recovery plan tailored to your needs. Our expert surgeons and physical therapists ensure safe and effective healing.

In the Hospital:

• Early mobilization with the help of a physical therapist.
• Pain management through prescribed medications.
• Use of a sling to support and immobilize the shoulder.

At Home:

Follow wound care instructions to prevent infection.

Apply ice packs to manage pain and swelling.

Gradually resume daily activities as recommended by the surgeon and physiotherapist.

Attend follow-up visits for suture removal and progress monitoring.

Why Choose Marengo Asia Hospitals?

At Marengo Asia Hospitals, our Department of Orthopaedics, Joint Replacement & Spine Surgery offers the latest shoulder replacement procedures. The highly experienced surgeons of our hospital apply advanced techniques for the treatment of every patient with individualized care for the best outcomes.